Why is it easier for farmers to get mobile phones in some of Africa’s most remote areas than high-quality seeds or technical advice?
As the founder of a global telecoms company based in Africa, I know that setting up a business can be hard work. But the right combination of incentives, investment and regulation can unleash a revolution.
Today, there are more than half a billion mobile connections in Africa. In many respects, we lead the world in mobile growth and innovation.
But why haven’t we been able to do the same in agriculture? Why does Africa have a bumper annual food import bill of 35 billion dollars, instead of a bumper harvest?
A large part of the answers to these questions lies in removing the odds stacked against our farmers.
Africa’s farmers are entrepreneurs, just like their counterparts in the telecoms industry. Yet, they face even greater obstacles in getting their goods to market. This is particularly true of our smallholder farmers, most of them women.
The typical farmer cultivates a plot the size of a football field or two. She farms without the benefit of high-quality seeds, fertiliser, irrigation or access to credit. She often tills her land with little or no machinery, because her earnings are too low to make any investments.
Climate change means her crops are increasingly likely to fail. If she produces maize, her yields are set to reduce by a quarter.
Instead of helping our farmers overcome such obstacles, we have put more in their way, including excessive taxation, insufficient investment and coercive policies. The challenges facing African agriculture are great, but they can be overcome.
A new set of opportunities has made the possibility of achieving an African green revolution greater than ever before.
Soaring demand for food, especially in Africa’s rapidly growing cities, has attracted high levels of private investment in agriculture. Private sector players, which were previously absent, have now joined initiatives like Grow Africa, where over 100 local, regional and international companies work in partnership with governments to achieve growth targets.
Over the past two years, these companies have committed more than 7.2 billion dollars into farming investments. We are already witnessing an agricultural renaissance in many parts of Africa. And agriculture has the potential to reduce poverty twice as fast as any other sector.
When countries invest in agriculture, they generate rural growth. This helps create jobs. It reduces poverty and hunger.
But today’s farming gains remain fragile. African governments must recommit to their Maputo pledge of investing 10pc of their budgets in agriculture and rural development. They must give farmers roads, energy supplies, storage facilities and supportive policies, which rural areas need to thrive.
We need alliances in which the private sector, farmers’ organisations and civil society all work together for agricultural development. The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), one such mechanism, supplies high-quality seeds to millions of smallholder farmers.
Besides learning from the spread of mobile technology in Africa, we must tap into it directly; mobile phones could revolutionise our agriculture. Some African farmers already get valuable information, such as market prices, e-vouchers and credit, through mobile services. Many of these innovative practices are more advanced and available to African smallholders than to their American or European counterparts.
This year has been designated the Year of African Agriculture. Let us make it a turning point for Africa’s agricultural entrepreneurs.
Our farmers could double their productivity within five years. Let us give them a real chance – as we did to our mobile entrepreneurs – to catalyse a uniquely African green revolution that ushers in an era of shared prosperity.
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